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به نام خدا
رده بندي گياهان
گياهان خشكي – غير آوندي – بريوفيتها – خزه ها --   Bryum
                                                            هپاتيك ها – هپاتيك هاي تالدار
                                                                هپاتيك هاي برگ دار – Marchantia
                                                     شاخ واشها --  Anthoceros
                آوندي --  Lycopodiofhyta   --  Lycopodiaceae  (پنجه گرگيان) --  Lycopodium
                                                                                                        Lycopodiella
                                                                                                        Huperzia
                                                          Selaginellaceae  (علف خوك) – Selaginella
                                                          Isoetaceae  -- Isoetes
                             Euphylophyta --  Monilophytes   --   Ophioglossales( سرخس هاي مار زباني) -- Botrychyum   
                                                                                                                                                        Ophioglossum      
                                                                                   Psilotales  -- psilotum
                                                                                                     Tmesipteris
                                                                                  Marattiales
                                                                                 Equisetales --  Equisetum  --  E. arvense
                                                                                                                                       E.maximum
                                                                                Polypodiales(سرخسهاي واقعي)--  گروه آبزي – Marsileaceae(شبدر آبي) --  Marsilea
                                                                                                                                                                                   Pilularia
                                                                                                                                                                                    Lignelidiom
                                                                                                                                            Salviniaceae --  Azolla
                                                                                                                                                                    Salvinia
                                                                                                                             گروه خشكي --  Osmondaceae – Osmonda  -- O.reglis
                                                                                                                                                                         Todea  
                                                                                                                                                                         Leptopteris
                                                                                                                                                Blechnaceae  --  Blechnum – B.spicant
                                                                                                                                                Cryptogrammaceae  -- Onychium  --   O.melanolepis
                                                                                                                                                Pteridaceae—Pteris  -- P.cretica
                                                                                                                                                Polypodiaceae  --  polypodiom --  P.vulgare
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          P.interjectum
                                                                                                                                                Adiantaceae  --  Adiantum  -- A.capillus-veneris (پر سياوشان)
                                                                                                                                                Aspleniaceae --  Asplenium
                                                                                                                                                                         Ceterach  --  C.officinarum
                                                                                                                                                                         Phyllitits  --  ph.scolopendrium
                                                                                                                                               Aspidiaceae --  Polysticum
                                                                                                                                                                       Dryopteris
                                                                                                                                               Hypolepidaceae --  Pteridium – P.aquilinum
                                                              Lygnophytes   --    Gymnosperms  -- Prophanerogams  --    Cycadales – Cycadaceae --  Cycadeae – Cycas – C.circinalis
                                                     (دانه داران)              (بازدانگان)             (بازدانگان ابتدايي)                                                  Zamieae  --  Zamia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    ‍Ceratozamia
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Dioon
                                                                                                                                          Gynkgophytes --  راسته ژنكيوال --  Gynkgoaceae – Gynkgo biloba
                                                                                                          Coniferales(مخروطيان) – Pinaceae(كاج) --    pinus(كاج)   --    Pinus monophyla
                                                                                                          (بازدانگان پيشرفته)                                      ‍‍Cedrus --   C.libanica
                                                                                                                                                                                                     C.atlantica
                                                                                                                                                                                      C.deodora
                                                                                                                                                                    Larix
                                                                                                                                                                    Picea
                                                                                                                                                                    Abies – A.balsamea
                                                                                                                                                                    Pseadotsuga --  P.duglasi
                                                                                                                                          Cupressaceae(سرو) --   Cupressus(سرو) – C.sempervirens – variety horizontalis(در شمال)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Variety fastigiata(سرو باغ ارم شيراز)
                                                                                                                                                                                                       C.arizonica
                                                                                                                                                                                  Juniperus(سرو كوهي) --  J.oxycedrus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                J.sabina
                                                                                                                                                                                                                J.excelsa
                                                                                                                                                                                                                J.communis
                                                                                                                                                                            Thuja(سرو خمره اي) --  T.orientalis
                                                                                                                                        Taxodiaceae  --  Throtaxis
                                                                                                                                                                 Sequoia --  S.gigantea   درخت غول (سكويا)
                                                                                                                                                                 Cryptomeria
                                                                                                                                        Taxaceae(سرخدار)  --  Taxus --  T.baccata
                                                                                                                                         Cephalotaxaceae
                                                                                                                                        Aurocariaceae --  Aurocaria(كاج مطبق)
                                                                                                                                                                                   Agathis
                                                                                                          كلاميدوسپرمها(تخمك كيسه ايها)  -- گنتالها --  Ephedraceae   --  Ephedra  --  E.intermedia
                                                                                                           (حد واسط بازدانگان و نهاندانگان)                Genataceae  --  Gnetum
                                                                                                                                                                  Welwitschiaceae  --  Welwitschia  --  W.mirabilis
                                                                                                Anyiosperms – Liliopsida --  Alismatidae --  Alismatales  --  Butomaceae (تيره هزار ني)  --  Butomus  --  B.umbelletus
                                                                                (نهاندانگان)         (تك لپه ايها)                                                      Alismaceae(تيركمان آبي)—Alisma --  A.plantago_aquatica
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               A.lanceolatum   
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Sagitaria  -- S.trifolia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    S.calycina   
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Damasonium --  D.alisma
                                                                                                                                                Najadales – Najadaceae(تيره تيزك) –Najas --   N.marina
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   N.major
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   N.graminea
                                                                                                                        Arecidae --  Arecidales  --  Arecaceae  -- Chamaerops
                                                                                                                                                                                     Coccus  --  C.nucifera
                                                                                                                                                                                     Elaeis  --  E.guineensis
                                                                                                                                                                                     Phoenix  --  Ph.acaulis  
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Ph.dactylifera
                                                                                                                                                                                     Calamus  -- C.rotang
                                                                                                                                                                                     Nannorrhops  --  N.ritchieana
                                                                                                                                                                                     Washingtonia  -- W.filifera
                                                                                                                                           Arales  --  Araceae  --  گلهاي نر وماده و پوشش دار  --  Acorus – آكوروس كالاموس
                                                                                                                                                         (گل شيپوري)                                            Anthurium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   گلهاي نر ماده و فاقد پوشش  --  Calla  --  C.palustris
                                                                                                                                                                             گلهاي بدون گلپوش تك جنس و يكپايه --  Arum(گل شيپوري)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Richardia  --  R.africana
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Philodendron
                                                                                                                                                                            Biarum
                                                                                                                                                                            Aminium
                                                                                                                                                          Lemnaceae(عدسك آبي)—Lemna – L.minor
                                                                                                                                                                                                             L.giba
                                                                                                                                                                                                             L.trisulca
                                                                                                                                                                                              Spirodela --  S.polyrrhiza
                                                                                                                                                                                              Wolfia --  W.arrhiza
                                                                                                                          Commelinidae – Commelinales – Commelinaceae – Tradescontia(نازبيدي)گلهاي منظم
                                                                                                                                                                            (نازبيدي يا برگ بيدي)   Commelina گلهاي داراي تقارن طرفي
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Cochliostema
                                                                                                                                                    Juncales – Juncaceae – Juncus
                                                                                                                                                                                         Luzula
                                                                                                                                                   Cyperales -- ‍Cyperaceae(اويار سلام) – Microdracoides
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Cyperus
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Eleocharis
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Scirpus
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Carex
                                                                                                                                                                      Graminae=Poaceae – غلات – Triticum(گندم) – T.sativum(گندم معمولي)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Hordeum(جو) – H.vulgare(جو خوراكي)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Avena(جو دو سر)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Oriza(برنج)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Zea(ذرت) – Z.mays(ذرت معمولي)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Panicum(ارزن)
                                                                                                                                                                                                       گندميان علوفه اي --  Poa(چمن)
                                                                                                                                                                                                       گندميان صنعتي – Saccharum(نيشكر)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Arundinaria(خيزران)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Agrophyrum(گورگياه)
                                                                                                                                                                                                       Arundo
                                                                                                                                                                                                       Phragmites
                                                                                                                                                                                                       Dactylis
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Stipa
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Festuca
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Cynodon
                                                                                                                                                  Typhales --  Typhaceae(خانواده لوئي) – Typha – T.minima
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        T.latifolia
                                                                                                                                                                                                           Sparganium
                                                                                                                          Lilidae – Liliales – Asparaginaceae  -- جنس هاي علفي – Convallaria – C.maialis
                                                                                                                                                         (مارچوبه)                                     Aspidistra(گل عبايي)
                                                                                                                                                                                                           Polygonatum(مهر سليماني) – P.vulgare
                                                                                                                                                                                                           Paris – P.quadrofolia
                                                                                                                                                                                    جنس هاي چوبي يا درختچه اي – Asparagus(مارچوبه) – A.officinalis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Ruscus – R.aculeatus(كوله خاس)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Smilax(ازملك)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Dracaena(درخت واقعي)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Yucca(حد واسط اسپاراژيناسه و ليلياسه)
                                                                                                                                                                                   Tamus – T.communis
                                                                                                                                                                                   Semele – S.androgyna
                                                                                                                                                                                   Danae(هميشك)
                                                                                                                                                       Liliaceae(لاله يا سوسن) – Lilium(سوسن) – L.ledebouri
                                                                                                                                                                                           Fritillaria(لاله سرنگون)
                                                                                                                                                                                           Tulipa(لاله)
                                                                                                                                                                                           Lioydia
                                                                                                                                                                                           Gagea
                                                                                                                                                                                           Ornithogalium
                                                                                                                                                                                           Allium(پياز)
                                                                                                                                                                                           Muscari(كلاغك)
                                                                                                                                                                                          Eremurus(سريش)
                                                                                                                                                       Amaryllidaceae(نرگس) – Leucoium
                                                                                                                                                                                            Galanthus – G.nivalis(گل برفي)
                                                                                                                                                                                            Sternbergia
                                                                                                                                                                                            Ungernia
                                                                                                                                                                                            Narcissus(نرگس) – نرگس شهلا
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       N.papyraceous
                                                                                                                                                                                            Ixilirion(خيارك)
                                                                                                                                                                                            Polyanthes(گل مريم) – P.tuberosa(گل مريم)
                                                                                                                                                                                           Agave با يوكا جديدا در خانواده Agavaceae
                                                                                                                                        Orchidales – Orchidaceae(ثعلب) – Neottia – N.anidus_avis
                                                                                                                                                                                           Listera – لسترا اواتا
                                                                                                                                                                                           Limodorum --  L.abortivum
                                                                                                                                                                                           سفالنترا
                                                                                                                                                                                           Epipactis
                                                                                                                                                                                           Goodyera – G.repens
                                                                                                                                                                                           Spiranthes – S.spiralis
                                                                                                                                                                                           Platanthera







                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                   گروه زيست شناس دانشگاه قم – دانشجويان ورودي 1388

             رذه بندی گیاهان , انواع گیاهان , زیست شناسی گیاهی